| 1998 | - | Computational simulations of the emergence of grammar - Batali | :: | 90 |
| 2002 | - | Learning, Bottlenecks and the Evolution of Recursive Syntax - Kirby | :: | 71 |
| 2000 | - | Syntax without Natural Selection: How compositionality emerges from vocabulary in a population of learners - Kirby | :: | 69 |
| 1999 | - | Function, Selection and Innateness: the Emergence of Language Universals - Kirby | :: | 62 |
| 1997 | - | Learning and the emergence of coordinated communication - Oliphant,Batali | :: | 52 |
| 1990 | - | Finding structure in time - Elman | :: | 49 |
| 1994 | - | Innate biases and critical periods: Combining evolution and learning in the acquisition of syntax - Batali | :: | 43 |
| 1991 | - | Distributed representations, simple recurrent networks, and grammatical structure - Elman | :: | 18 |
| 1986 | - | Learning internal representations by error propagation - Rumelhart,Hinton,Williams | :: | 17 |
| 1990 | - | Back-propagation is sensitive to initial conditions - Kolen,Pollack | :: | 4 |
| 2000 | - | Evolving learnable languages - Tonkes,Blair,Wiles | :: | 3 |
| 1998 | - | A paradox of neural encoders and decoders, or, why don't we talk backwards? - Tonkes,Blair,Wiles | :: | 3 |