HOME   ::   Back to the Paper   ::   References

Poulshock, J. W. (2006) Language and Morality: Evolution, Altruism and Linguistic Moral Mechanisms. PhD thesis, Theoretical and Applied Linguistics, The University of Edinburgh.

References (may not be complete)  [Original format]  [Sort by year]  [Sort by author]  [Sort by citations]

Aitchison, J. (1999). Linguistics: An introduction. London: Hodder & Stoughton.

Google

Anderson, S., Bechara, A., Damasio, H., Tranel, D., & Damasio, A. (1999). Impairment of social and moral behavior related to early damage in human prefrontal cortex. Nature Neuroscience, 2:11, 1032-37.

Google

Arnold, K. & Whiten, A. (2001). Post-conflict behaviour of wild chimpanzees (pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) in the Budongo Forest, Uganda. Behaviour, 138, 649-90.

Google

Aunger, R. (2002). The electric meme: a new theory of how we think. New York: Free Press.

Google

Aunger, R. (Ed.). (2000). Darwinizing culture: The status of memetics as science. London: Oxford University Press.

Google

Balazs, A. (2004). Biosystems, 73(1), 1-11.

Google

Balkin, J. M. (2003). Cultural Software: A Theory of Ideology. Yale University Press.

Google

Batson, D. C. (2002). Addressing the altruism question experimentally. In S. G. Post, L. G. Underwood, J. P. Schloss, & W. B. Hurlbut (Eds.), Altruism and altruistic love. London, UK: Oxford University Press.

Google

Beck, A. T., & Freeman, E. D. (1990). Cognitive Therapy of Personality Disorders. London: The Guilford Press.

Google

Beck, R. & Fernandez, E. (1998). Cognitive-behavioral therapy in the treatment of anger: a meta-analysis. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 22:1, 63-74.

Google

Becker, H. (1956). Man in reciprocity. New York: Praeger.

Google

Bekoff, M. (2001). Social play behavior: Cooperation, fairness, trust, and the evolution of morality. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 8(2), 81-90.

Google

Bekoff, M. (2002). Virtuous Nature. New Scientist, 176, 34.

Google

Belpaeme, T. (2002). Factors influencing the origins of colour categories. Doctoral Thesis: Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Vrije Universiteit Brussel.

Google UIUC

Bernstein, I.S. (2000). The Law of Parsimony Prevails: Missing Premises Allow Any Conclusion. In L. Katz (Ed.), Evolutionary Origins of Morality: Cross- Disciplinary Perspectives. UK: Thorverton Imprint Academic.

Google

Bhaskar, R. (1987). Scientific Realism and Human Emancipation. Verso Books.

Google

Bhaskar, R. (1997a). On the ontological status of ideas. Journal for the Theory of Social Behavior, 27:2/3, 139-47.

Google

Bhaskar, R. (1997b). A Realist Theory of Science (Verso Classics, 9). Verso.

Google

Bhatia, S. (2000). Language socialization and the construction of socio-moral meanings. Journal of moral education, 29:2, 149-66.

Google

Bickerton, D. (1981). The roots of language. Ann Arbor, Mich.: Karoma.

Google UIUC

Bickerton, D. (1996). Language and Human Behavior (The Jessie and John Danz Lectures). University of Washington Press.

Google

Blackmore, S. (1999). The meme machine. London, UK: Oxford University Press.

Google

Blackmore, S. (2000). The power of memes. Scientific American, 283, No 4, 52-61.

Google

Blair, R. & Cipolotti, L. (2000). Impaired social response reversal: A case of 'acquired sociopathy'. Brain, 123, 1122-41.

Google

Bloch, M. (2000). A well-disposed social anthropologist's problems with memes. In R. Aunger (Ed.), Darwinizing culture: The status of memetics as science. London: Oxford University Press.

Google

Boehm, C. (2000). Conflict and the Evolution of Social Control. In L. Katz (Ed.), Evolutionary Origins of Morality: Cross-Disciplinary Perspectives. UK: Thorverton Imprint Academic.

Google

Boom, C. T., & Buckingham, J. (1986). Tramp for the Lord. Jove Pubns.

Google

Boroditsky, L. (2001). Does language shape thought? English and Mandarin speakers' conceptions of time. Cognitive Psychology, 43:1, 1-22.

Google

Boroditsky, L. (2002). Interview on National Public Radio. http://cognation.mit.edu/press/interview-high-quality.html

Google

Boroditsky, L. (2003). Linguistic relativity. In Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science. London: MacMillan Press.

Google

Boyd, R., & Richerson, P. (2000). Memes: Universal Acid, or a Better Mouse Trap? In R. Aunger (Ed.), Darwinizing culture: The status of memetics as science. London: Oxford University Press.

Google

Boyd, R., & Richerson, P. J. (1988). Culture and the Evolutionary Process. University Of Chicago Press.

Google

Brodie, R. (2004). Virus of the Mind: The New Science of the Meme. Integral Press.

Google

Brosnan, S. F. & De Waal, F. B. (2003). Monkeys reject unequal pay. Nature, 425(6955), 297-99.

Google

Brower, M. & Price, B. (2001). Neuropsychiatry of frontal lobe dysfunction in violent and criminal behaviour: a critical review. Advances in neuropsychiatry, 71, 720-26.

Google

Brown, D. E. (1991). Human universals. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Google

Brown, W., & Paul, L. (2002). Broken light: Wisdom and the disconnected brain. Science and Spirit. Retrieved February 13, 2006, http://www.sciencespirit.org/articles/articledetail.cfm?article_id=124

Google

Buber, M. (1971). I And Thou. Free Press.

Google

Calvin, W., & Bickerton, D. (2000). Lingua ex Machina: Reconciling Darwin and Chomsky with the Human Brain. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Google UIUC

Cangelosi, A. H., S. (2001). The Adaptive Advantage of Symbolic Theft Over Sensorimotor Toil: Grounding Language in Perceptual Categories. Evolution of Communication, 4(1), 117-42.

Google UIUC

Chomsky, N. (1959). A review of B.F. Skinner's Verbal Behavior. Language, 35(1), 26-58.

Google

Chomsky, N. (1965). Aspects of the theory of syntax. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press.

Google

Christiansen, M., & Kirby, S. (2003). Language Evolution (Studies in the Evolution of Language). Oxford University Press.

Google UIUC

Cloak, F. (1975). Is a cultural ethology possible? Human Ecology, 3(3), 161-82.

Google

Colin, A. (2004). Teleological Notions in Biology. The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.

Google

Condon, J. (1984). With respect for the Japanese. Yarmouth, ME: Intercultural Press.

Google

Conte, R. (2000). Memes Through (Social) Minds. In R. Aunger (Ed.), Darwinizing culture: The status of memetics as science. London: Oxford University Press.

Google

Corrie Ten Boom: History. Retrieved February 8, 2006, from http://www.corrietenboom.com/history.htm

Google

Crystal, D. (1992). Introducing linguistics. London: Penguin.

Google

Crystal, D. (1997). The Cambridge encyclopedia of language. New York: Cambridge University Press.

Google

Daniel, S. (2005). Physicalism. The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.

Google

Darwin, C. (1859). The origin of the species. Retrieved February 13, 2006, http://www.literature.org/authors/darwin-charles/the-origin-ofspecies/index.html

Google

Darwin, C. (1882). The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. Retrieved February 13, 2006, http://www.literature.org/authors/darwin-charles/

Google

Dawkins, R. (1976). The Selfish Gene. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.

Google

Dawkins, R. (1982). The extended phenotype: the long reach of the gene. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.

Google

de Waal, F. (1982). Chimpanzee politics: Power and sex among apes. London: Counterpoint.

Google

de Waal, F. (1996). Good Natured: The Origins of Right and Wrong in Humans and Other Animals. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Google

de Waal, F. (2002). Personal communication.

Google

Deacon, T. (1997). The symbolic species: The co-evolution of language and the human brain. London, UK: Penguin Books.

Google UIUC

DeMoivre, and the Evolutionary Ideas of Darwin, Düsing, Fisher, Williams, and Hamilton. http://philosophy.wisc.edu/sober/papers.htm

Google

Dennett, D. (1995). Darwin's dangerous idea: Evolution and the meanings of life. UK: Harmondsworth.

Google

Dessalles, J. L. (1998). Altruism, Status, and the Origin of Relevance. In J. Hurford, M. Studdert-Kennedy, & C. Knight (Eds.), Approaches to the Evolution of Language - Social and Cognitive Bases. London: Cambridge University Press.

Google UIUC

Dicks, L. (2000). All for One. New Scientist, 167, 30.

Google

Dolan, R. (1999). On the neurobiology of morals. Nature Neuroscience, 2:11, 927- 28.

Google

Dover, G. (2001). Anti-Dawkins. In H. Rose, & S. Rose (Eds.), Alas poor Darwin: Arguments against evolutionary psychology. New York: Random House.

Google

Dunbar, R. (1996). Grooming, Gossip and the Evolution of Language. London: Faber and Faber.

Google UIUC

Dunn, J. (1987). The beginnings of moral understanding: Development in the second year. In J. Kagan, & S. Lamb (Eds.), The emergence of morality in young children. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Google

Durham, W. (1991). Coevolution: Genes, culture, and human diversity. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.

Google

Edwards, P. (Ed.). (1967). The encyclopedia of philosophy. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.

Google

Ellis, R. (1997). Second language acquisition. London: Oxford University Press.

Google

Endler, J. A. (1986). Natural Selection in the Wild. Princeton University Press.

Google

Enright, S. (1997). Fortnightly review: Cognitive behaviour therapy-clinical applications. British Medical Journal, 315:7119, 1376-77.

Google

Ervin-Tripp, S. (2001). Personal communication.

Google

Forgas, J. & Ciarrochi, J. (2002). On managing moods: Evidence for the role of homeostatic cognitive strategies in affect regulation. Personality and social psychology bulletin, 28:3, 336-45.

Google

Forgas, J. (2001). Affect and information processing strategies. In J. Forgas (Ed.), Feeling and thinking: The role of affect in social cognition. London: Cambridge University Press.

Google

Fouts, R., & Mills, S. T. (1998). Next of Kin: My Conversations with Chimpanzees. Harper Paperbacks.

Google

Galasinski, D. (2000). The Language of Deception: A Discourse Analytical Study. Sage Publications.

Google

Glass, J. M. (1999). "Life Unworthy of Life": Racial Phobia and Mass Murder in Hitler's Germany. Basic Books.

Google

Goddard, C. (1997). The universal syntax of semantic primitives. Language Sciences, 19(3), 197-207.

Google

Goddard, C. (2003). Whorf meets Wierzbicka: variation and universals in language and thinking. Language Sciences, 25(4), 393-432.

Google

Goddard, C., & Wierzbicka, A. (1994). Semantic and Lexical Universals: Theory and Empirical Findings. John Benjamins Publishing Company.

Google

Goddard, C., Wierzbicka, A., & O'Neill, K. J. (2002). Meaning and Universal Grammar: Theory and Empirical Findings. John Benjamins Publishing Co.

Google

Goldstone, R. L. (1994). Influences of categorization on perceptual discrimination. Journal of Experimental Psychology, General, 123, 178-200.

Google

Goodenough, U. & Deacon, T. (2003). From biology to consciousness to morality. Zygon, 38:4, 801-19.

Google

Gould, S. (2001). More things in heaven and earth. In H. Rose, & S. Rose (Eds.), Alas poor Darwin: Arguments against evolutionary psychology. London, UK: Random House.

Google

Gratzer, W. (2000). The undergrowth of science: delusion, self-deception, and human frailty. London: Oxford University Press.

Google

Grice, H. P. (1975). Logic and conversation. In P. Cole, & J. L. Morgan (Eds.), Speech acts. New York: Academic Press.

Google

Gumperz, J., & Levinson, S. (Eds.). (1996). Rethinking linguistic relativity. London, UK: Cambridge University Press.

Google

Hall, E. T., & Hall, E. T. (1977). Beyond Culture. Anchor.

Google

Hamilton, W. (1964). The genetical evolution of social behavior, I and II. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 7, 1-52.

Google

Hamilton, W. (1971). The Genetical Evolution of Social Behavior I-II. In G. C. Williams (Ed.), Group Selection. New York: Aldine · Atherton.

Google

Hamliton, W. D. (1967). Extraordinary sex ratios. Science, 156, 477-88.

Google

Hanfling, O. (2003). Learning about right and wrong: Ethics and Language. Philosophy, 78, 25-41.

Google

Hare, B., Call, J., & Tomasello, M. (2001). Do chimpanzees know what conspecifics know? Anim Behav, 61(1), 139-51.

Google

Harms, W. (2000). Adaptation and moral realism. Biology and Philosophy, 15(5), 699-714.

Google

Harnad, S. (1987). Category Induction and Representation. In S. Harnad (Ed.), Categorical Perception: The Groundwork of Cognition. (Chapter 18). New York: Cambridge University Press.

Google

Harnad, S. (2003). Categorical Perception. Retrieved February 13, 2006, http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~Eharnad/Temp/catperc.html

Google

Harnden-Warwick, D. (1997). Psychological Realism, Morality, and Chimpanzees. Zygon, 32(1), 29.

Google

Hartung, J. (1995). A Light Unto the Nations: Judeo-Christianity, Morality, and Group Selection. Human Behavior and Evolution Society Conference June 28- July 2, 1995 at the University of California, Santa Barbara.

Google

Hauser, M. D. (1992). Costs of deception: cheaters are punished in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta). Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 89(24), 12137-39.

Google

Hauser, M., Chomsky, N., & Fitch, T. (2002). The faculty of language: What is it, Who has it, and How did it evolve? Science, 29822, 1569-79.

Google UIUC

Ho, Y.-C., Cheung, M.-C., & Chan, A., S. (2003). Music Training Improves Verbal but Not Visual Memory: Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Explorations in Children. Neuropsychology, 17(3), 439-50.

Google

Hodgson, G. (2001). Darwinism and Evolutionary Economics. In J. Laurent, J. Nightingale, & J. Laurent (pp. 87-118). Edward Elgar Publishing.

Google

Hull, D. (2000). Taking memetics seriously: memetics will be what we make it. In R. Aunger (Ed.), Darwinizing culture: The status of memetics as science. London: Oxford University Press.

Google

Hunter, C. (2001). Darwin's God: Evolution and the Problem of Evil. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Brazos Press.

Google

Hurford, J. (1998). The emergence of syntax. In J. Hurford, M. Studdert-Kennedy, & C. Knight (Eds.), Approaches to the evolution of language. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.

Google

Hurford, J., Studdert-Kennedy, M., & Knight, C. (Eds.). (1998). Approaches to the evolution of language. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.

Google UIUC

Huxley, T. H. (1893). Evolution and Ethics: The Romanes Lecture. Retrieved February 7, 2006, from http://cs.clarku.edu/huxley/CE9/E-E.html

Google

Inoue, S. (1998). The Japanese Language which Prefers Ambiguity vs. the English Language which Prefers the Battle of Words. Research Journal of Tokyo University of Information Science, 2:2, 91-97.

Google

Irwin, L. (1997). The Web Site for Critical Realism (WSCR): Ethical naturalism and moral realism. Retrieved February 13, 2006, http://www.raggedclaws.com/criticalrealism

Google

Jackendoff, R. (2002). Foundations of language: Brain, meaning, Grammar, Evolution. New York: New York: Oxford University Press.

Google UIUC

Kagan, J. (2002). Morality, altruism, and love. In S. G. Post, L. G. Underwood, J. P. Schloss, & W. B. Hurlbut (Eds.), Altruism and altruistic love. London, UK: Oxford University Press.

Google

Kako, E. (1999). Elements of syntax in the systems of three language-trained animals. Animal Learning and Behavior, 27:1, 1-14.

Google

Kaminski, J., Call, J., & Fischer, J. (2004). Word learning in a domestic dog: evidence for "fast mapping". Science, 304(5677), 1682-83.

Google

Katz, L. (Ed.). (2000). Evolutionary Origins of Morality: Cross-Disciplinary Perspectives. UK: Thorverton: Imprint Academic.

Google

Kirby, S. (2000). Syntax without natural selection: How compositionality emerges from vocabulary in a population of learners. In C. Knight, M. Studdert- Kennedy, & J. Hurford (Eds.), The evolutionary emergence of language: social function and the origins of linguistic form. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.

Google UIUC

Knauft, B. M. (2000). Symbols, Sex, and Sociality in the Evolution of Human Morality. In L. Katz (Ed.), Evolutionary Origins of Morality: Cross- Disciplinary Perspectives. UK: Thorverton: Imprint Academic.

Google

Knight, C., Studdert-Kennedy, M., & Hurford, J. (Eds.). (2000). The evolutionary emergence of language: social function and the origins of linguistic form. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.

Google UIUC

Kuper, A. (2000). If memes are the answer, what is the question?. In R. Aunger (Ed.), Darwinizing culture: The status of memetics as science. London: Oxford University Press.

Google

Laland, K. N., Odling-Smee, F. J., & Feldman, M. W. (2000). Group Selection: A Niche Construction Perspective. In L. Katz (Ed.), Evolutionary Origins of Morality: Cross-Disciplinary Perspectives. UK: Thorverton; Imprint Academic.

Google

Lane, H. (1965). The motor theory of speech perception: A critical review. Psychological Review, 72, 275 - 309.

Google

Larson, D. (1984). Guidelines for barefoot language learning. St. Paul, Minnesota: CMS Publishing.

Google

Lawrence, D. H. (1950). Acquired distinctiveness of cues: II. Selective association in a constant stimulus situation. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 40, 175 - 188.

Google

Lemonick, M. (1997). Young, single, and out of control. Time, 68.

Google

Lenneberg, E. (1967). Biological foundations of language. New York: John Wiley.

Google

LePage, R. B., & Tabouret-Keller, A. (1985). Acts of Identity: Creole-based Approaches to Language and Ethnicity. New York: Cambridge University Press.

Google

Lewis, C. S. (2003). Perelandra (Space Trilogy (Paperback)). Scribner.

Google

Lewontin, R. (1993). Biology As Ideology: The Doctrine of DNA. New York: Harper Perennial.

Google

Lewontin, R. (1998). Survival of the nicest? New York Review of Books. Retrieved February 13, 2006, http://www.nybooks.com/articles/articlepreview?article_id=707.

Google

Lucy, J. (1992). Grammatical categories and cognition: A case study of the linguistic relativity hypothesis. London, UK: Cambridge University Press.

Google

Lutgendorf, P. (2004). The Oral Tradition and the Many "Ramayanas." Retrieved February 13, 2006, http://www.maxwell.syr.edu/maxpages/special/ramayana/Intro.htm

Google

Lykken, D. (2000). The causes and costs of crime and a controversial cure. Journal of Personality, 68:3, 559-605.

Google

Lynch, A. (1996). Thought contagion: How belief spreads through society. New York: Basic Books.

Google

Masserman, J., Wechkin, S., & Terris, W. (1964). "Altruistic" behavior in rhesus monkeys. American Journal of Psychiatry, 121, 584-85.

Google

Maynard-Smith, J., & Szathmary, E. (1999). The origins of life. London: Oxford University Press.

Google UIUC

Mayr, E. (1997). The objects of selection. Proceedings of the national academy of science, USA, 94, 2091-94.

Google

McGrath, A. (2004). Dawkins' God: Genes, Memes, And The Meaning Of Life. Blackwell Publishers.

Google

McGrath, A. E. (2002). A Scientific Theology: Volume 2: Reality. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co.

Google

McKirnan, D. J., & Hamayan, E. V. (1980). Language norms and perceptions of ethnolinguistic group diversity. In H. Giles, W. P. Robinson, & P. M. Smith (Eds.), Language: Social psychological perspectives. (pp. 161-69). Oxford: Pergamon Press.

Google

Meltzer, B. (2003). Lying: Deception in human affairs. International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, vol. 23, no. 6-7, 61-79.

Google

Midgley, M. (1991). The origin of ethics. In P. Singer (Ed.), A companion to ethics. (pp. 3-13). Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishers.

Google

Midgley, M. (2001). Why memes?. In H. Rose, & S. Rose (Eds.), Alas poor Darwin: Arguments against evolutionary psychology. London, UK: Random House.

Google

Millikan, R. (1984). Language, thought, and other biological categories: New foundations for realism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Google

Moll, J., de Oliveira-Souza, R., Eslinger, P., Bramati, I., Mourao-Miranda, J., Andreiuolo, P., et al. (2002). The neural correlates of moral sensitivity; A functional magnetic resonance imaging investigation of basic and moral emotions. The Journal of Neuroscience, 22:7, 2730-36.

Google

Monroe, K. (2002). Explicating Altruism. In S. G. Post, L. G. Underwood, J. P. Schloss, & W. B. Hurlbut (Eds.), Altruism and altruistic love: Science, philosophy, and religion in dialog. London, UK: Oxford University Press.

Google

Morain, G. G. (1987). Kinesics and cross-cultural understanding. In L. F. Luce, & E. C. Smith (Eds.), Towards Internationalism. Cambridge, MA: Newbury House Publishers.

Google

Motluk, A. (2002). You are what you speak. New Scientist, 176:2371, 34.

Google

Nelson, P. (1996). The Role of Theology in Current Evolutionary Reasoning. Biology and Philosophy, 11, 493-517.

Google

Newman, M., Pennebaker, J., Berry, D., & Richards, J. (2003). Lying Words: Predicting Deception from Linguistic Styles. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, vol. 29, no. 5, 665-75.

Google

Newport, E. (1997). Maturational constraints on language learning. Cognitive Science, 14, 11-28.

Google

Niemeier, S., & Dirven, R. (Eds.). (2000). Evidence for Linguistic Relativity: Amsterdam studies in the theory and history of linguistic science. Series IV, Current issues in linguistic theory. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company.

Google

Norman, R. (1997). Making sense of moral realism. Philosophical investigations, 20(2), 117-35.

Google

Oates, D. (1988). Social Darwinism and Natural Theodicy. Zygon, 23:4, 439-54.

Google

Oliner, S. P. (2002). Extraordinary acts of ordinary people: Faces of heroism and altruism. In S. G. Post, L. G. Underwood, J. P. Schloss, & W. B. Hurlbut (Eds.), Altruism and altruistic love. London, UK: Oxford University Press.

Google

Onishi, M. (1997). The grammar of mental predicates in Japanese. Language Sciences, 19(3), 219-33.

Google

Orwell, G. (1950). 1984. Harmondsworth, Middlesex, UK: Penguin Books.

Google

Osgood, C., & Tannenbaum, P. (1957). The measurement of meaning. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.

Google

Pinker, S. & Bloom, P. (1990). Natural language and natural selection. Behavior and Brain Sciences, 13, 707-84.

Google UIUC

Pinker, S. (1994). The language instinct. London, UK: Penguin Books.

Google UIUC

Pinker, S. (2002). The blank slate: The modern denial of human nature. London: Penguin Books.

Google

Plotkin, H. (2000). People Do More Than Imitate. Scientific American, 283, No 4, 72.

Google

Polkinghorne, J. (2003). Belief in God in an Age of Science (Yale Nota Bene). Yale University Press.

Google

Post, S. G., Underwood, L. G., Schloss, J. P., & Hurlbut, W. B. (Eds.). (2002). Altruistic and altruistic love. London, UK: Oxford University Press.

Google

Povinelli, D. & Vonk, J. (2004). We don't need a microscope to explore the chimpanzee's mind. Mind and Language, Vol. 19 No. 1, 1-28.

Google

Povinelli, D., Bering, J., & Giambrone, S. (2000). Toward a science of other minds: Escaping the argument by analogy. Cognitive Science, Vol. 24(3), 509-41.

Google

Power, T. G. (2000). Play and exploration in children and animals. Hilsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Google

Premack, D. (2004). Is language the key to human intelligence? Science, 303, 318- 20.

Google

Preston, C. (2002). Animality and morality: Human reason as an animal activity. Environmental Values, 11, 427-42.

Google

Preston, S. & de Waal, F. (2002). Empathy: Its ultimate and proximate bases. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 25:1, 1-72.

Google

Pütz, M., & Verspoor, M. (Eds.). (2000). Explorations in Linguistic Relativity. Amsterdam studies in the theory and history of linguistic science. Series IV, Current issues in linguistic theory. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company.

Google

Renshaw, D. C. (1993). Lies and medicine: reflections on the etiology, pathology, and diagnosis of chronic lying. Clin Ther, 15(2), 465-73; discussion 432.

Google

Richards, J. W., Gilder, G. F., Kurzweil, R., Ray, T., Searle, J., Dembski, W., et al. (2002). Are We Spiritual Machines?: Ray Kurzweil vs. the Critics of Strong A.I. Discovery Institute.

Google

Richerson, J., & Boyd, P. (1997). The evolution of human ultra-sociality. In I. Eibl- Eibisfeldt, & F. Salter (Eds.), Ideology, warfare, and indoctrinability.

Google

Rose, H., & Rose, S. (Eds.). (2001). Alas poor Darwin: Arguments against evolutionary psychology. London, UK: Random House.

Google

Rose, S. (1997). Lifelines: Biology, freedom, determinism. London, UK: Penguin Books.

Google

Ross, D., Thompson, R., & Yenkosky, J. (1997). Laterization of affective prosody in brain and the callosal integration of hemispheric language functions. Brain and Language, 56, 27-54.

Google

Ruse, M. (1991). The significance of evolution. In P. Singer (Ed.), A companion to ethics. (pp. 500-10). Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishers.

Google

Ruse, M. (2002). A Darwinian naturalist's perspective on altruism. In S. G. Post, L. G. Underwood, J. P. Schloss, & W. B. Hurlbut (Eds.), Altruistic and altruistic love. (pp. 168-81). London, UK: Oxford University Press.

Google

Savage-Rumbaugh, S., Shanker, S. G., & Taylor, T. J. (2001). Apes, Language, and the Human Mind. Oxford University Press.

Google

Schloss, J. (1998). Evolutionary accounts of altruism & the problem of goodness by design. In W. Dembski (Ed.), Mere creation science, faith and intelligent design. (pp. 236-61). Downers Grove, Ill: InterVarsity.

Google

Schloss, J. (2002). Emerging accounts of altruism. In S. G. Post, L. G. Underwood, J. P. Schloss, & W. B. Hurlbut (Eds.), Altruism and Altruistic Love. London, UK: Oxford University Press.

Google

Schore, A. (1994). Affect regulation and the origin of the self: The neurobiology of emotional development. Hove, UK: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Google

Schore, A. (1998). The Experience-dependent Maturation of an Evaluative System in the Cortex. In K. H. Pribaum (Ed.), Brain and Values: Is a Biological Science of Values Possible. (pp. 337-58). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Google

Singer, P. (1981). The expanding circle: ethics and sociobiology. New York.: Farrar, Straus & Giroux.

Google

Singer, P. (1997). The drowning child and the expanding circle. New Internationalist. Retrieved February 13, 2006, http://www.newint.org/issue289/drowning.htm

Google

Smith, K. (2003). The Transmission of Language: models of biological and cultural evolution. Unpublished PhD, University of Edinburgh.

Google UIUC

Snow, C. (1990). Langauge and the beginnings of moral understanding. In J. Kagan, & S. Lamb (Eds.), The emergence of morality in young children. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Google

Sober, E. & Wilson, D. (1994). A Critical Review of the Philosophical Work on the Units of Selection Problem. Philosophy of Science, 61, 534-55.

Google

Sober, E. (2005). Sex Ratio Theory, Ancient and Modern -- The Debate Among Arbuthnot, Bernoulli, and

Google

Sober, E., & Wilson, D. (1998). Unto Others: The Evolution and Psychology of Unselfish Behavior. Harvard University Press.

Google

Sober, E., & Wilson, D. (2000). Summary of Unto Others: The Evolution and Psychology of Unselfish Behavior. In L. Katz (Ed.), Evolutionary Origins of Morality: Cross-Disciplinary Perspectives. UK: Thorverton Imprint Academic.

Google

Sommers, T. & Rosenberg, A. (2003). Darwin's nihilistic idea: evolution and the meaningless of life. Biology and Philosophy, 18, 653-68.

Google

Sorokin, P. A., & Post, S. G. (2002). The Ways and Power of Love: Types, Factors, and Techniques of Moral Transformation. Templeton Foundation Pr.

Google

Sperber, D. (2000). An objection to the memetic approach to culture. In R. Aunger (Ed.), Darwinizing culture: The status of memetics as science. London: Oxford University Press.

Google

Spinka, M., Newberry, R., & Bekoff, M. (2001). Mammalian play: training for the unexpected. Quarterly Review of Biology, 76:2, 141-68.

Google

Spradley, J. P. (1979). The ethnographic interview. New York: Hold, Rinehart and Winston.

Google

Staub, E. (1992). The Roots of Evil : The Psychological and Cultural Origins of Genocide. Cambridge University Press.

Google

Stearns, S. C., & Hoekstra, R. F. (2000). Evolution : An Introduction. Oxford University Press, USA.

Google

Stiff, J. B., & Miller, G. R. (1993). Deceptive Communication. Sage Publications.

Google

Strungaru, C. A., & Schiefenhöevel, W. (2002). The Word to the Wise: Proverbs and the Patterns of the Mind. Science and Spirit. Retrieved February 13, 2006, http://www.science-spirit.org/articles/articledetail.cfm?article_id=131

Google

Tappan, M. (1997). Language, culture, and moral development: A Vygotskian perspective. Developmental Review, 17, 78-100.

Google

Tattersall, I. (1998). Becoming human: Evolution and human uniqueness. London, UK: Oxford University Press.

Google

Terashima, S. (2003). Tension and tense: Japan and Japanese. Retrieved February 13, 2006, http://www.u-ryukyu.ac.jp/old/nakayukui/old/105/6-2.html

Google

The Scotsman. (2004). Congress Calls Rumsfeld to Account as Bush Says Sorry for Abuse. Retrieved May 7, 2004, www.scotsman.com

Google

Thierry, B. (2000). Building Elements of Morality Are Not Elements of Morality. In L. Katz (Ed.), Evolutionary Origins of Morality: Cross-Disciplinary Perspectives. UK: Thorverton; Imprint Academic.

Google

Trivers, R. (1971). The Evolution of Reciprocal Altruism. Quarterly Review of Biology, 46, 35-57.

Google

Trivers, R. (1985). Social evolution. Menlo Park, California: The Benjamin/Cummings Publishing Company.

Google

Underwood, L. (2002). The human experience of compassionate love: Conceptual mapping and data from selected studies. In S. G. Post, L. G. Underwood, J. P. Schloss, & W. B. Hurlbut (Eds.), Altruism and altruistic love. London, UK: Oxford University Press.

Google

Van Lancker, D. (1997). Rags to riches: Our increasing appreciation of cognitive and communicative abilities of the human right cerebral hemisphere. Brain and Language, 57, 1-11.

Google

Vine, I. (2000). Selfish, Altruistic, or Groupish? Natural Selection and Human Moralities. In L. Katz (Ed.), Evolutionary Origins of Morality: Cross- Disciplinary Perspectives. UK: Thorverton; Imprint Academic.

Google

Voland, E. & Voland, R. (1995). Journal of Social and Evolutionary Systems, 18(4), 397-412.

Google

Vygotsky, L. (1981). The instrumental method in psychology. In J. Wertsch (Ed.), The concept of activity in Soviet psychology.

Google

Wallace, W., T. (1994). Memory for Music: Effect of Melody on Recall of Text. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 20(6), 1471-85.

Google

Waller, M. J. C. (1995). Darwinism and the enemy within. Journal of Social and Evolutionary Systems, 18(3), 217-29.

Google

Weikart, R. (2004). From Darwin to Hitler : Evolutionary Ethics, Eugenics, and Racism in Germany. Palgrave Macmillan.

Google

Weisberg, J. (Ed.). (2001). George W. Bushisms. New York, NY: Fireside.

Google

Wierzbicka, A. (1992). Defining emotion concepts. Cognitive Science, 16(4), 539- 81.

Google

Wierzbicka, A. (1994). Semantics and epistemology: The meaning of 'evidentials' in a cross-linguistic perspective. Language Sciences, 16(1), 81-137.

Google

Wierzbicka, A. (1996). Semantics: Primes and universals. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.

Google

Wikipedia. (2003). Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia: The Golden Rule. Retrieved February 13, 2006, http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_rule

Google

Williams, G. (1996). Adaptation and Natural Selection: A Critique of Some Current Evolutionary Thought. Princeton University Press.

Google

Wilson, D. (2002). Darwin's cathedral: Evolution, religion, and the nature of society. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.

Google

Wilson, D. S., Wilczynski, C., Wells, A., & Weiser, L. (2000). Gossip and other aspects of language as group-level adaptations. In C. Heyes, & L. Huber (Eds.), The evolution of cognition. (pp. 347-65). Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press.

Google

Wilson, D. (1999). Flying over uncharted territory. Science, 285 (5425), 206.

Google

World Vision. (2003). 2003 Annual Review. World Vision International.

Google

Wortham, S. & Locher, M. (1999). Embedded metapragmatics and lying politicians. Language & Communication, 19(2), 109-25.

Google

Wray, A. (2002). Dual processing in protolanguage; Performance without competence. In A. Wray (Ed.), The transition to language. London: Oxford University Press.

Google UIUC

Wray, A. (Ed.). (2002). The transition to language. London, UK: Oxford University Press.

Google UIUC

Wyschogrod, E. (2002). Pythagorean bodies and the body of altruism. In S. G. Post, L. G. Underwood, J. P. Schloss, & W. B. Hurlbut (Eds.), Altruism and altruistic love. London, UK: Oxford University Press.

Google

Yalch, R., F. (1991). Memory in a Jingle Jungle: Music as a Mnemonic Device in Communicating Advertising Slogans. Journal of Applied Psychology, 76(2), 268-75.

Google

Yanagisawa, M. (2002). Personal communication.

Google

Zahavi, A., & Zahavi, A. (1999). The Handicap Principle: A Missing Piece of Darwin's Puzzle. Oxford University Press.

Google

 HOME   ::   Back to the Paper   ::   References Comments to: junwang4 you-know-at gmail.com Last update: 11/16/07