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Authoritative: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/441303a   (Publisher's PDF... likely be available here.)

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Abstract

Syntax sets human language apart from other natural communication systems, although its evolutionary origins are obscure. Here we show that free-ranging putty-nosed monkeys combine two vocalizations into different call sequences that are linked to specific external events, such as the presence of a predator and the imminent movement of the group. Our findings indicate that non-human primates can combine calls into higher-order sequences that have a particular meaning.

@article{arnold06primateCalls,
  author={Kate Arnold and Klaus Zuberbuhler},
  title={Semantic combinations in primate calls},
  journal={Nature},
  year={2006},
  month={May},
  volume={441},
  pages={303},
  doi={10.1038/441303a},
  url={http://www.isrl.uiuc.edu/~amag/langev/paper/arnold06primateCalls.html}
}